What are the Load Restraint Requirements under the Chain of Responsibility?

National Transport Commission Load Restraint Guide 2018

There is one common law Australia wide and the Legal requirements are outlined in the National Transport Commission Load Restraint Guide 2018. In the National Transport Commission Load Restraint Guide 2018, only one page is the law and the rest of the book is just a guide.


The legislation does not mandate how to restrain loads, only the forces that must be resisted. This are called the Load Restraint Performance Standards. You can use any method to restrain a load, however, it is recommended that an engineer certifies an alternative method.


Under this Law:

  • Loads must be restrained to meet the Performance Standards.
  • Loads must not become dislodged from the vehicle.
  • Loads must not adversely affect the vehicle’s stability or weight distribution.


Fundamentals

Load restraint is the most technical element of the Chain of Responsibility and there are 5 fundamentals which include:


Packaging - Packaging involves combining light weight or small items together into single units that will strengthen the load and improve the stability. Packaging includes strapping items together to from a bundle, or placing on a pallet, using crates, stillages or similar. The role of lashings to prevent the load from coming off the truck, it is the role of packaging to stop individual items from coming loose and flying off the vehicle.


Under CoR it is the packers/loaders responsibility to ensure the product is safely packed for transport. Drivers should notify the loading site of any packaging inadequacies so these can be rectified or replaced prior to leaving site.


Friction - Friction is the most important load restraint fundamental – more important than the number of restraints. Friction is the resistance to movement caused by the roughness of two surfaces in contact and depends on surface roughness and downward force. What we don’t want is situations with a low or very low friction and we need to break up low friction situations with timber or rubber.


Dunnage - Dunnage is used to:

  • Elevate the load to increase the lashing angle;
  • Increase the stability of the load;
  • Separate parts of the load;
  • Increase the friction between the load and the trailer deck or between parts of the load; and
  • Allow for easier loading and unloading.


Load Configuration - Load Configuration which is the way the load is loaded on the truck. One of the major issues with loading is the gaps in the load. Gaps in the load allow movement in transit which loosen the restraints. You can eliminate gaps in the load using items such as dunnage or pallets.


Lashings - The number of lashings required are determined using the tables in the NTC Load Restraint Guide as shown on these pages. There are number of items which need to be considered to determine the number of lashings which include:

  • Type of lashing and tensioner used – chains, webbing or rope.
  • Blocked (headboard) or Unblocked (no headboard or more than 200mm away).
  • Friction - High, Medium, Low or Very Low.
  • Lashing Angle.
  • Weight of the load.


Managing Load Restraint

The key elements of Managing Load Restraint includes:

  • Conduct a risk assessment of your loading obligations.
  • Document loading policies and procedures that outline the control measures.
  • Consult with other parties on how they manage loading – for example, request a copy of their loading risk assessment, policies and procedures.
  • Conduct regular contract reviews of the effectiveness of controls implemented by others in the supply chain.
  • Ensure contracts and agreements do not contain incentives that may cause or encourage the parties to breach loading requirements. 
  • Commercial arrangements should include prescriptive requirements to comply with legal obligations.


Zenergy eLearning Program Chain of Responsibility (CoR) for Operational Staff

This online course introduces you to requirements and obligations of Fatigue Management, Speed Compliance and Heavy Vehicle Safety and Roadworthiness, Load Management including Mass and Dimension and Load Restraint as they relate to Chain of Responsibility and the Heavy Vehicle National Law and the key aspects of these risks and how to manage them in accordance with the Heavy Vehicle National Law.


Module 4. Load Restraint – Provides an overview of the Heavy Vehicle National Law (HVNL) and Regulations requirements and obligations for Load Restraint and the National Transport Commission Load Restraint Guide 2018 and the law.


Click on the following link to review further course details:  Chain of Responsibility (CoR) for Operational Staff


Zenergy – Heavy Vehicle National Law and Chain of Responsibility (CoR)

Zenergy experienced consultants can assist in the development of CoR Transport Safety Management System (TSMS) documentation, conducting independent audits of your Management System documentation for management of transport safety, including Chain of Responsibility (CoR), to ensure it meets your responsibilities under the Heavy Vehicle National Law (HVNL).



For more information on our services feel free to email us at info@zenergygroup.com.au or call 1300 333 400.

Chain of Responsibility (CoR) Training

Contact Us

Zenergy News

Directors' duties for psych risks unpacked in new report
April 23, 2025
The WHS obligations of company directors include taking reasonable steps to understand the psychological hazards in their workplaces, and this is a "personal" prosecutable duty, a new guide for directors warns. Directors' obligations include establishing that their organisations and their management "are equipped with appropriate resources and processes to eliminate or minimise these risks to the extent that is reasonably practicable", the guide by the Australian Institute of Company Directors and law firm King & Wood Mallesons says. Most of any organisation's work to address psychosocial hazards will be "driven by management", given the complexity of the risks and the deep operational knowledge required to guide action, it says. "The board plays a supporting role in constructively challenging these efforts and maintaining oversight of how effective psychosocial risk management contributes to broader organisational culture and leadership." Under Australia's national model WHS laws – adopted by all jurisdictions other than Victoria, which has similar legislation – officers have a duty to exercise due diligence to confirm their organisation is meeting its WHS obligations. (See section 27 of NSW's version of the laws, for example.) This duty is a "personal duty, meaning [officers] can be prosecuted for failing to meet their due diligence obligations", the guide says. "Prosecution typically requires proof that the officer failed to take reasonable steps to comply with their duty, assessed in the context of the organisation's overall safety and health management system," it says. These due diligence obligations apply to paid directors, and are "recommended" for volunteer directors, who can be prosecuted in limited circumstances. "While non-executive directors have not been the focus of WHS regulators to date, this can change, and regulatory expectations are rising," the guide notes. According to the 12-page document , company boards and governance play a crucial role in ensuring psychosocial risks are managed effectively. Directors must oversee management's efforts at identifying and implementing control measures, set expectations and confirm that the necessary frameworks are in place. "This includes seeking information, reviewing board reports, assessing organisational culture, and challenging management where needed to strengthen risk controls," the guide says. Examples of how boards should address the workplace factors that create psychosocial risks include: Overseeing how managers monitor the risks associated with work design by drawing on complaints data, employee surveys, and absence and turnover rates, and engaging regularly with management to assess risks and evaluate measures; Confirming that management is complying with the positive duty to eliminate workplace sexual harassment, and obtaining regular reports on key behavioural risks involving code of conduct breaches and harassment cases; Setting expectations for management to provide workers with practical assistance and timely consultation in the event of organisational change and restructures, which can create significant stress; Engaging with management to review how it is addressing remote work risks, and ensuring there they have a clear policy to guide them in determining when remote arrangements are appropriate; and Overseeing how HR and performance management processes are managed, and confirming that investigation procedures are fair, workers have access to appropriate support, and outcomes are handled as consistently as possible. Governing WHS Psychosocial Risks: A primer for directors, by the Australian Institute of Company Directors and King & Wood Mallesons, April 2025 This article has been reproduced with permission from OHS Alert, and the original version appears at www.ohsalert.com.au.
April 7, 2025
Zenergy recently hosted Women in Safety, a special networking event dedicated to fostering collaboration in the health, safety, and wellbeing sector. Held on March 20, 2025, at The Winery, Surry Hills, this event provided a relaxed and welcoming atmosphere where professionals gathered to exchange insights, share experiences, and build meaningful connections. With attendees from diverse industries—including construction, logistics, corporate sectors, and more—the event highlighted the vital role of women in shaping safer workplaces across Australia.
March 25, 2025
Podcasts have become a dominant force in the world of media, revolutionising how we consume information and entertainment and the WHS, Environment & Sustainability is no different! As the podcast industry continues to expand, listeners are discovering a wealth of benefits, from educational insights to fostering community connections. In this article, we share some of the leading podcasts and why they’ve become a growing part of modern WHS, Environment & Sustainability consumption. Here are some of the leading podcasts that every WHS, Environmental, and Sustainability professional should tune into:
March 24, 2025
Colin Hansen, WHS Director John Holland - M7M12 Project
March 3, 2025
Zenergy invites you to be part of the prestigious 2025 Australian Workplace Health & Safety Awards (AWHSA) —a national platform dedicated to recognising outstanding achievements in workplace health and safety. These awards celebrate individuals and organisations that are making a real impact in fostering safer, healthier work environments.
February 28, 2025
Australia has enacted mandatory sustainability reporting requirements, effective from 1 January 2025, through the Treasury Laws Amendment (Financial Market Infrastructure and Other Measures) Act 2024. These regulations mandate that large entities disclose climate-related financial information as part of their annual reporting obligations.
More Posts